![]() ![]() The pressing of lips may have then become a general means for relieving anxiety. Chimpanzee mothers, for example, are known to chew food and before swallowing they press their lips to the lips of their youngsters to allow the food to pass into their mouths. In a 2008 issue of Scientific American Mind the writer Chip Walter argued, citing British zoologist Desmond Morris, that kissing may have originated from the primate behavior of pre-chewing food and passing it to the kids. ![]() Chimpanzees do it in order to reconcile following a fight, and bonobos do it with some tongue as well. For one thing, other species kiss as well. If kissing isn't universal, it could still have its roots in biology, perhaps as a combination of inherited impulses and learned behaviour. "We Europeans are so accustomed to kissing as a mark of affection that it might be thought to be innate in mankind," he wrote in The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, "but this is not the caseā¦ unknown with the New Zealanders, Tahitians, Papuans, Australians, Somals of Africa, and the Esquimaux. Darwin himself noted that there are cultures in which kissing is conspicuously absent. Kissing isn't universal, though it does pop up in some 90% of cultures. Speech is arguably a critical part of human life, but it's not quite as much fun as kissing. To make a w sound, move the back of your tongue towards the roof of your mouth while also moving your lips closer together. To make the sounds f or v, bring your lower lip to your upper teeth. Bring your two lips together and you can form the sounds p, b, and m. In linguistics, the lips are two of many places of articulation, or spots in the mouth and throat that aid in blockage of air moving out from the lungs. The lips are of course also important in the act of eating other foods, and in speech. At the centre of that dance are the lips. ![]() It's more like a conversation, with each side doing his or her part in a dance elaborately choreographed by evolution. That means feeding, whether from breast or from bottle, is not a passive behaviour on the part of a newborn infant. While the tongue then does a lot of the work, the lips are vital to maintain a tight seal so that the infant can swallow. As soon as something grazes the newborn's lips, the sucking reflex is activated. The rooting reflex works by turning the infant's head to face anything that strokes its mouth or cheek. It's the sucking reflex combined with another primitive response, the rooting reflex, that allows infants to breastfeed. ![]()
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